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Pony express (newspapers)
A pony express is a term which was used for express delivery systems which newspapers used in the 19th century to obtain news faster or publish it prior to rival publications. As with the celebrated Pony Express of 1860-61, these systems were eventually supplanted by telegraph lines.
==Pony express systems==
In December 1830, three New York concerns competed to be the first to publish President Andrew Jackson's annual message to Congress -- ''The Journal of Commerce'', the ''New York Courier and Enquirer'', and the Association of Morning Papers. James Gordon Bennett of the ''Courier and Enquirer'' arranged for a horseback express from Washington to Baltimore, followed by a ship to Philadelphia and second horseback leg to New York City. The run took six hours and cost almost $300, but the ''Courier and Enquirer'' prevailed over its competitors.〔
The ''Journal of Commerce'' initiated a regular eight-relay express from Philadelphia to New York in January 1833.〔 After its rivals sought federal governments help through the establishment of an express government delivery system, the ''Journal'' expanded its line directly to Washington, D.C., giving it a news advantage of one to three days.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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